An infuriated Bevan stated that he would never be a member of a government that imposed charges on the National Health Service. His remains were cremated at Gwent Crematorium in Croesyceiliog in a private family ceremony. There was a particularly large increase in marginal tax rates for wealthy business owners. [13], Bevan was one of the founding members of the "Query Club" with his brother Billy and Walter Conway. Portrait of Aneurin Bevan. [119] He checked into the Royal Free Hospital in London on 27 December 1959 to undergo surgery for an ulcer, but malignant stomach cancer was discovered instead in a major operation two days later. Top 15 Things to do Around the Eiffel Tower, 10 Things to Do in Paris on Christmas Day (2022), 10 Things to Do in Luxembourg Gardens in Paris. "[83], Bevan was instead appointed Minister of Labour in January 1951 in place of George Isaacs. Bevan was a supporter of the Liberal Party as a child, but later converted to socialism and joined the Independent Labour Party. Aneurin Bevan was born on November 15, 1897, in Tredegar in Wales. "[49], Dunbar had been recommended for a commission, but rejected it himself to remain with his unit. There he earned around ten shillings per week with most going to his parents to help support the family. [21] His targets included the Conservative Winston Churchill and the Liberal David Lloyd George, as well as Ramsay MacDonald and Margaret Bondfield from his own Labour party (he targeted the latter for her unwillingness to increase unemployment benefits). Former Conservative Prime Minister Harold Macmillan ended his Prime Ministers Questions two days after Bevans death with a tribute to him, describing him as a great personality and a great national figure. The pair went to work at Whitworth Colliery, but fell foul of management when Bevan refused to use cheaper second-hand timber as he deemed it unsafe. Bevan was elected unopposed as Deputy Leader of the Labour Party in 1959, succeeding Griffiths. When the strike started on 3 May 1926, Bevan soon emerged as one of the leaders of the South Wales miners. Bevan was also limited due to his desire for new homes to be bigger and of better quality than the ones they were being built to replace, based on the recommendations of a 1943 report by the Dudley Committee, and a shortage of skilled workers to undertake the work. Bevan had been inspired by the Tredegar Medical Aid Society in his hometown, where residents would pay a subscription that would fund access for all of the town's inhabitants to have free access to medical services such as nursing or dental care. At a dinner in late 1955 or early 1956 to celebrate the publication of the Guillebaud Report into NHS costs Bevan remarked to Julian Tudor Hart "ultimately I had to stuff their mouths with gold" about his handling of the consultants. Aneurin Bevanand other members were briefly suspended from the Labour Party in March 1939 as he advocated for a united socialist front of all parties of the left. There was an outpouring of national mourning that followed his death, while the Daily Herald reported that some MPs were seen to be crying in Parliament. He wasn't cut out to be a leader, he was cut out to be a prophet". 9 Necessary Facts about the NHS - Fact City He read Marxism at the college and was a brief follower of Noah Ablett,[11][12] developing his left-wing political outlook. [98], Out of office, Bevan soon exacerbated the split within the Labour Party between the right and the left which weakened the party in the 1950s. Bevan led the left wing of the Labour Party, known as the 'Bevanites', for the next five years. [51] He also voiced criticism of trade union leaders, which drew complaints from both the Miners' Federation and the Trades Union Congress. [22][23] He had solid support from his constituency, being one of the few Labour MPs to be unopposed in the 1931 General Election, and this support grew through the 1930s and the period of the Great Depression. Nye Bevan Speech (1946) - YouTube Aneurin Bevanwas selected as the Labour Partys parliamentary candidate for Ebbw Vale for the 1929 General Election. Aneurin Bevan and the setting up of the NHS - BBC Bitesize [67][65] Some 2,688 voluntary and municipal hospitals in England and Wales were nationalised and came under Bevan's supervisory control as Health Minister. [29][30] They were early supporters of the socialists in the Spanish Civil War, and Bevan visited the country in 1938. 12. We are going to Tredegar-ise you. [42], In August 1939 came the MolotovRibbentrop Pact, a non-aggression pact between the Nazi and Soviet governments that shocked democratic governments around the world. With less motivation for studies, he left school at age 13 to work at a local Ty- Trist Colliery. [106] Bevan's remark that "I know the right kind of political Leader for the Labour Party is a kind of desiccated calculating machine" was assumed to refer to Gaitskell, although Bevan denied it (commenting upon Gaitskell's record as Chancellor of the Exchequer as having "proved" this). He lost the seat in 1931, but regained it in 1932 before deciding against seeking re-election in 1934. Bevan was as critical of Nasserist Egypt's seizure of the Suez Canal on 26 July 1956 as he was of the subsequent Anglo-French military response. Number 10, The Circle, was home to the Tredegar Medical Aid Society, which was used as a blueprint by Aneurin Bevan when he set up the National Health Service for the UK in 1948. Aneurin's name is pronounced 'uh-ny-rin'. But seven decades after it was founded, a 2013 opinion poll conducted on behalf of British Future found that the NHS was more popular than at its creation, and more popular than the monarchy, the BBC, and the British Armed Forces. Nye gave us the greatest Socalist model ever seen in 1948. [112] Speaking at the 1957 Labour Party conference, he decried unilateral nuclear disarmament, saying "It would send a British Foreign Secretary naked into the conference-chamber". The Labour conference voted to drop its opposition to rearmament. Bevan was the sort of principled politician we seem to lack these days. Aneurin Bevan was born on 15 November 1897 in Tredegar in Wales. Along that road is endless retreat, and at the end of it a voluntary totalitarian State with ourselves erecting the barbed wire around. [123][124] An open-air service was held in his constituency of Ebbw Vale and was presided over by Donald Soper. This page has been archived and is no longer updated. [92], Bevan's last decade saw his political position weaken year by year as he failed to find a winning issue that would make use of his skills. [133] The following year, Bevan was voted number one in the 100 Welsh Heroes poll, a response to find the public's favourite Welsh people of all time. "[81] The comment inspired the creation of the Vermin Club by angry Conservatives, who attacked Bevan for years for the metaphor. Read more. This page is best viewed in an up-to-date web browser with style sheets (CSS) enabled. He was the son of coal miner David Bevan and Phoebe (ne Prothero), a seamstress. Despite resistance from opposition parties and the British Medical Association, the National Health Service Act 1946 was passed and launched in 1948, nationalising more than 2,500 hospitals within the United Kingdom. He was born to David Bevan a coal miner and Phoebe nee Prothero a seamstress as one of their ten children. It was during this period that he became convinced by the ideas of socialism. NHS: Tredegar building to tell story of Aneurin Bevan's inspiration Bevan's key speeches in the legislative arena are to be found in: For the local health board headquartered in Caerleon, Wales, see, Minister of Labour and National Service (1951). He agreed to serve as shadow foreign secretary under Gaitskell. [93] In 1952 Bevan published In Place of Fear,[94] "the most widely read socialist book" of the period, according to a highly critical right-wing Labour MP Anthony Crosland. These numbers were reached by lowering the quality standards originally put forward by Bevan, with council houses featuring gardens being largely dropped in favour of tower blocks and flats. In February 1925, his father died of pneumoconiosis, an illness caused by the inhalation of coal dust. In 1929, Bevan was elected as the Labour member of parliament for Ebbw Vale. [1] The town was situated in the South Wales Valleys and was on the northern edge of the South Wales coalfield. [9][20] In keeping with his background, Bevan described his initial thoughts on the House of Commons as a shrine to "the most conservative of all religions ancestor worship". Lee became a considerable influence upon Bevans career. With his posture in parliament, he gained great support from his constituents. KidzSearch Safe Wikipedia for Kids. Aneurin "Nye" Bevan PC (/narn bvn/; Welsh:[an.rn]; 15 November 1897 6 July 1960) was a Welsh Labour Party politician, noted for tenure as Minister of Health in Clement Attlee's government in which he spearheaded the creation of the British National Health Service. Bevan accused the government of a "policy of bankruptcy and despair",[111] stating at the Trafalgar rally: We are stronger than Egypt but there are other countries stronger than us. [1] The town was situated in the South Wales Valleys and was on the northern edge of the South Wales coalfield. Icon of 1960s Britain: Who Was Mary Quant? [45] Clement Attlee expressed his support that Bevan should have been the leader of the Labour Party during his lifetime but was held back by his demeanour, stating "he wants to be two things simultaneously, rebel and official leader, and you can't be both". Image Credit: Anenurin Bevan, Minister of Health, on the first day of the National Health Service, 5 July 1948 at Park Hospital, Davyhulme, near Manchester / Wikimedia Commons. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. [47] His fierce opposition made him unpopular with some portions of the public at the time, his wife later described how the couple would frequently receive parcels filled with excrement at their home.[48]. [Nye] was never a hypocrite. Bevan and Cripps had previously been threatened with disciplinary action by the party for sharing a stage with a Communist speaker, and all party members were threatened with expulsion if they were associated with the Popular Front. Raised in Monmouthshire by a Welsh working-class family, he was the son of a coal miner and left school at 14. Why Did Shakespeare Paint Richard III as a Villain? Bevan died in his sleep at 4.10pm on 6 July 1960, at the age of 62, at his home, Asheridge Farm, Chesham, Buckinghamshire. Reciting long passages by William Morris with the help of an elocution tutor, Bevan gradually began to overcome the stammer that he had since childhood. Photo by Howard Coster - Wikimedia Commons, Portrait of Aneurin Bevan. So far as I am concerned they are lower than vermin. After the landslide Labour victory in the 1945 general election, Bevan was appointed minister of health, responsible for establishing the National Health Service. In 1928, Bevan won a seat on Monmouthshire County Council and was elected as the MP for Ebbw Vale the following year. His agitations for a united socialist front of all parties of the left (including the Communist Party of Great Britain) led to his brief expulsion from the Labour Party from March to November 1939 (along with Stafford Cripps, C. P. Trevelyan and three others). When Labour supported the government's scheme with no such conditions, Bevan denounced Labour for imploring the people on recruiting platforms to put themselves under the leadership of their opponents. His contribution to the Welfare State has been immense. On the day, Bevan attended a ceremony at the Park Hospital, Trafford (now Trafford General), at which he symbolically received the keys to the hospital. Bevan Festival. Aneurin Bevan was born on 15 November 1897 at 32 Charles Street in Tredegar, Monmouthshire, a working-class mining town, where an estimated 90 per cent of the town's inhabitants relied on the local mines for employment. Bevan first worked as a miner during his teens where he became involved in local miner's union politics. In his biography of Bevan, John Campbell wrote, "Bevan's impetuous temperament, undiplomatic tone and reputation as an extreme left-winger combined to make the Foreign Office seem the last place a prudent Prime Minister would think of putting him at any time. A member of the Tredegar branch of the South Wales Miners Federation, Bevan was the head of his local Miners Lodge at just 19 years of age. Dr James Calvert, medical director for Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, said it was important to remember the report was made during the pandemic, "which has significantly disrupted the . Photo by No Swan So Fine Wikimedia Commons. [87] The Labour MP David Marquand has stated that the savings were introduced by Gaitskell simply to "impose his will" upon Bevan who he saw as a political rival. Happy travels! He was a strong critic of the arming policy the British government adopted during the rise of Hitler. [105] After the 1955 general election, Attlee retired as Labour leader. [12] In Parliament, he became noticed as a harsh critic of those he felt opposed the working man and woman. Born in a modest family, Bevan's exposure to poverty and deprivation gave him a first-hand experience of unfortunate condition of . In one of his most noted speeches made against Churchill, he railed that the prime minister "wins debate after debate and loses battle after battle". He developed a severe stammer as a child and, according to his younger sister Myfanwy, became "a lonely chap", due to the need to shy away from the attention it brought him.[5]. Humanist Heritage: Aneurin Bevan (1897-1960) [91], Later the same year, the Labour Party were defeated at the general election. During World War Two, Bevan was one of the leaders of the left in the House of Commons. Bevan passed on July 6, 1960, at age 62 in his Asheridge Farm home in Chesham, Buckinghamshire a year after being diagnosed with stomach cancer. [40] When the government introduced voluntary national service in December 1938, Bevan argued that Labour should demand the nationalisation of the armaments industry, support the democratic government of Spain and sign an Anglo-Soviet pact in return for its support. [132] In 2002, Bevan was voted as the 45th greatest Briton of all time by the BBC public opinion poll, 100 Greatest Britons. [45][by whom? His dad was a miner and the poor working class family in which Bevan grew up gave him first-hand experience of the problems of . Bevan's death in 1960 led to "an outpouring of national mourning". In his political career, Bevan served as a minister of health in Clement Attlees Labor government of 1945, he was responsible for developing housing programs and for establishing the National Health Service. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Aneurin Bevan was one of the most important ministers of the post-war Labour government and the chief architect of the National Health Service. Aneurin Bevan was born on November 15, 1897, in Tredegar, Monmouthshire, to David Bevan and Phoebe nee Prothero. BBC Wales - History - Themes - Aneurin Bevan Bevan attended the local school, where he was deeply shy because of a severe stammer that he developed as a child. Bevan died from stomach cancer in 1960 at the age of 62. The manager of the colliery found an excuse to get him dismissed. [130] The Nye Bevan Estate in Clapton Park, Hackney, London, was named after Bevan, and was opened in October 1962 by his friend and biographer Michael Foot. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. He became a well-known local orator, and was regarded with suspicion by his employers, the Tredegar Iron and Coal Company. Bevan foresaw that it would always be the subject of public debate, warning that "This service must always be changing, growing and improving; it must always appear to be inadequate." His father died by pneumoconiosis (a lung condition caused by long term inhalation of coal dust) but no compensation was paid to him, as it was not classed as an industrial disease under the Workman's Compensation Act.

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