As the coronavirus has spread, many political observers have warned that it is bolstering authoritarianism globally. - How did the collapse of the USSR affect Cuba? How long, and how many casualties did it take for the Fascists to defeat the Socialists? Colonial aggression also contributed to the rise of Italian racism. Will the Invasion of Ukraine Change Russia-Africa Relations? -Political instability. The use of force was the most important method used to maintain power in authoritarian states.. It's obvious to usnowthat the rise of authoritarianism, including fascism, was paving the way for leaders in many countries to command the obedience of whole populations, even when these leaders began to order the killing of civilians. Through violence, they had become what one historian called, "a. - Discuss this view, with reference to two authoritarian states you have studied from different regions. (May 2009. - Outline Castro's health and education policies. 99-100 - What was the Ochoa Affair and how did it affect Cuba? Under the emergency decree, they could be terrorized, beaten and held indefinitely. -unmarried men 35+ were taxed more On November 21, "squads" of Blackshirts launched an attack on the Socialists in Bologna. Download PDF. But on the whole, these tendencies have been much less marked among democracies compared to autocracies. Beijing on Monday sought to defuse the row. It got a bad name': the death of the post-Soviet dream, Russia-Ukraine war as it happened: explosion derails Russian train; at least 34 injured after Pavlohrad attack, Myhunting trip with Yeltsin killed off the Soviet Union, UKexpected to stop funding Chinese state-linked Mandarin teaching schools, Russia-Ukraine war at a glance: what we know on day 432 of the invasion, TheSoviet Union collapsed overnight. All nations have an official type of government as designated in the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency's World Factbook. Unit Objectives: Authoritarian and Single Party States. Compare and contrast the methods used to maintain power in two authoritarian states, each from a different region. To probe the potential political consequences of the pandemic for authoritarian regimes, it is useful to look more closely at why many have fallen short in their responses to the coronavirus. How successful were they? Later in the 1930s, Fascism was strengthened both by Mussolini's attempts to build an overseas empire as well as the increasing likelihood of war in Europe. 81 - What was Castro's early ideology based around? By the end of the second close read, you should be able to answer the following questions: Finally, here are some questions that will help you focus on why this article matters and how it connects to other content youve studied. Ukraine war latest: Dozens injured by Russia's overnight attacks; Pope PDF Ib History Only outside of Italy, in the arena of empire, were the Fascists really able to experiment with totalitarianism. He used authoritarian tactics to solidify communist control of the Soviet Union. [2017] His research focuses on modern Europe with an emphasis on Germany and Britain from 1789 to 1918. Article III of the OAU Refugee Convention in Context: the Emergence of However, their solution was "Italianization." economic factors'. To log in and use all the features of Khan Academy, please enable JavaScript in your browser. Authoritarian leaders revel in projecting an image of strength. This topic focuses on exploring the conditions that facilitated the rise of authoritarian states in the 20th century, as well as the methods used by parties and leaders to take and maintain power. These decisions affected political officials, army members, peasants, ethnic minorities, artists, scientists, intellectuals, foreigners, and ordinary Soviet citizens. Italian rule included segregation, and policies prohibited interracial relations. It became clear that Socialism was one of Fascisms main political enemies. These groups, he claimed, were biologically different from "western Mediterranean" and European people. Nationalism, independence movements Moreover, among democracies, those with leaders who have strong illiberal tendencies, like U.S. President Donald Trump and Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro, have done the worst in responding to the pandemic. Ideology and more. That meant they could hinder the Fascist agenda, if they wanted. Compare and contrastthe importance ofthe use of force on the emergence of twoauthstates,each from a different region, Evaluate the impact of domestic economic policies on the maintenance of power in two AS, each from a different region. Adolf Hitler. The Chinese embassy in Paris issued a formal statement saying Lus comments were not a policy declaration but the expression of personal viewpoints during a television interview. Although there was much weakness in the political system of Weimar Germany from 1919-1933, one man stablised all areas of both politics and daily life for Germans, and hence must be considered a key block in the Nazis' rise to power. In 1949-58, 75% of all imports came from the USA; 65% of all exports went to the USA. Today, authoritarian regimes comprise only one-fifth of all states in the world (Marshall & Cole 2011, p. 10). Troops left the bloody battlefields and returned to a bewildering society. Analyze the conditions that enabled one left-wing leader to become the ruler of a single-party state. What similarities do you see between Italys racist ideology in Ethiopia and the ideologies behind European imperialism during the long nineteenth century? Mussolini came to power eleven years before Hitler did, and Italian Fascists were active as early as 1919. Historians Ruth Ben-Ghiat and Mia Fuller argue that the Italian colonies provided "testing grounds for strategies of governance and repression". - DAMAGEdamages relationship with France and Britain First and foremost is a penchant for feeble rather than decisive leadership. 83 - How did Castro deal with Lanz + Urrutria, and how did this reflect on him as leader? Paper 2 Questions | PDF | Authoritarianism | Civil War - Scribd It was a cataclysm that darkened the worlds view of humanity and its future. Adolf Hitler was not elected to office and he did not have to seize power. DP History: Topic 10: Authoritarian States (20th Century) A good government without propaganda is not more possible than good propaganda without a good government. Step-by-step, Ethiopia became a state governed by a regime without moral or political constraints. The fighting in northern Italy had shaped the Fascist movement in four ways: By 1922, with these experiences behind them, Mussolini and his followers liked their chances of taking over Italy. . Finally, the outcome of the campaign affirmed the Fascist view that, at the end of the day, violent struggle led to power. New social problems emerged from the impact of rapid industrialization and the growth of cities. Both emerged as democratic post-colonial states. The result was a state that, while authoritarian, was never really totalitarian within the territory of Italy. The Fascists, led by Mussolini, formed a street-fighting group called the Blackshirts to support the landowners. The Path to Nazi Genocide, NARRATOR: Hitler spoke to the SA, his army of storm troopers. Although there was much weakness in the political system of Weimar Germany from 1919-1933, one man stablised all areas of both politics and daily life for Germans, and hence must be considered a key block in the Nazis' rise to power. Discuss with reference to two authoritarian states. Fascists portrayed the war as Italy's "civilizing mission" or the need for "military security". This article details some of those experiments. HITLER [speaking German]: Thousands of Germans waited in lines for work and food in the early 1920s. Conditions in China before 1911 Until the 19th century, China was a very conservative nation. Another million were sent to prisons called Gulags. While downplaying more extreme goals, Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party offered simple solutions to Germanys problems, exploiting peoples fears, frustrations, and hopes to win broad support. Angry at the growing resistance, Japanese troops killed as many as 300,000 civilians. Tsahkna added: I hope that there will be an explanation. This is not war, one wounded soldier wrote home. Fear of revolution. Authoritarian regimes are systems of government that have no established mechanism for the transfer of executive power and do not afford their citizens civil liberties or political rights. 96. The conditions in which authoritarian states emerged were mainly determined by economic factors." Discuss with reference to two authoritarian states. In Singapores elections in early July, the main opposition party won more seats than any opposition force has in decades, at least partly due to citizens discontent over the governments pandemic response. But this challenge is especially difficult for governments that do not enjoy the legitimacy that comes from winning free and fair elections and that instead rely heavily on economic performance as their primary source of popular legitimacy. Authoritarian states DO NOT emerge in times of peace and prosperity. CBI opens investigations into suspected misuse of MSEI funds To many, including 30-year old former army corporal Adolf Hitler, it seemed the country had been stabbed in the backbetrayed by subversives at home and by the government who accepted the armistice. To what extent did popular support for the aims and ideology of one authoritarian/single-party. In the early 1930s, the frequency of elections was dizzying. PPTX What is an Authoritarian State? - Weebly These crackdowns impede effective public health responses, given that civil society can be a crucial partner to governmentsespecially for authoritarians with weak state capacity, such as those in many countries in Africa, former Soviet states, and the Middle Eastin terms of collecting and distributing accurate and timely health-related information and delivering resources and care. His military leaders used chemical weapons, forced starvation, concentration camps, and mass resettlement of African Libyans to make space for Italian settlers. Moreover, most authoritarianswhatever the quality of their pandemic policiesface enormous new economic pressures as a result of the virus. Create a potted biography of an authoritarian state identified in the article. The maintenance of power was dependent on the successful control of opposition.. This unique book weaves together literary works, . Social and economic policies in authoritarian states did not always achieve their aims.. Account for theineffectiveness of internal opposition to two rulers of single-party states. The president of Burundi assured his citizens that divine protection would suffice against the virus, while Venezuelas president trafficked in farfetched conspiracy theories and promoted on social media the use of herbal concoctions to treat the virus. -continued to have a relationship

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