* Copper II sulfate The electronic scales (quite cheap) were an obvious first candidate for a source of error. However, this lab allows them to apply what they've learned about percent composition, hydrates, and empirical formulas in a real world example! Measured mass of crucible with anhydrous copper sulfate: 37.3005g. The formula of a hydrate can be determined by dehydrating a known mass of the hydrate, then comparing the masses of the original hydrate and the resulting anhydrous solid. The Composition of a Hydrate Lab - Teach Basic Percent Composition! Did Billy Graham speak to Marilyn Monroe about Jesus? Platform provided by Digication, Inc. Note the color of the dissolved residue. Which are the best resorts for conference venues in Jim Corbett? Excellent layout. A 15.67 g sample of a hydrate of magnesium carbonate was heated, without decomposing the carbonate, to drive off the water. Determining the Water Percentage Within Copper Sulfate - WritingBros Send me a message, I'd love to hear from you! Interpreting non-statistically significant results: Do we have "no evidence" or "insufficient evidence" to reject the null? All rights reserved. Pending marking your answer as accepted, my grateful thanks in the meantime for your detailed analysis. This means that the formula for hydrated copper sulfate is: The goal of this experiment is to determine the percentage of water (by mass) in a hydrate, and to calculate the ratio of salt to water in a hydrated salt. These errors made the absorbance values measured by the SpectroVis off from what it should have been. Use caution when heating the crucible and cover. So if I look at the calculation process you have the following equation to get from known quantities to the answer: $$X=\left(\frac{W_0}{W_e}-1\right)\left(\frac{M_{CuSO_4}}{M_{H_2O}}\right) \tag{1}$$. What is wrong with reporter Susan Raff's arm on WFSB news? Heat the blue copper(II) sulfate until it has turned . Use this picture to get the mass of the anhydrate (white powder). Allow the crucible to cool down to room temperature (do not set the hot crucible on the bench top). Other compounds can spontaneously absorb water from the surrounding atmosphere, they are said to be hygroscopic. Some chemicals, when exposed to water in the atmosphere, will reversibly either adsorb it onto their surface or include it in their structure forming a complex in which water generally bonds with the cation in ionic substances. Name: Kamaal Thomas |Date: January 4, 2011 | |Graded Assignment Lab 1: Determining the Empirical Formula of a Compound, Lab 2: Determine the Percentage of Water in a Hydrate, Lab 16: Gravimetric Determination of a Precipitate, Lab 14a: Separation and Analysis of Cations, Lab 18: Separation by Liquid Chromatography, Lab 6a: Standardizing a Solution of Sodium Hydroxide, Lab 33: Determination of Calcium Carbonate Content of and Anti-Acid Pill, Lab 28: Molecular Interaction in Ethanol and Acetone, Obtained crucible and lid (henceforth, the two are considered to be together unless mentioned otherwise), inspected them, and measured their mass: 36.1574g, Obtained equipment, set up ring stand, Bunsen Burner, clay triangle, and mesh pad. Texas Chemistry Standards (TEKS) Why don't we use the 7805 for car phone chargers? What did your group get as the formula of the hydrate? Then I re-weighed. Occasionally we do some practical work, since I believe very strongly that physical science learning should have some real lab work to bring it alive, and also to teach things like observational skills and attention to detail. Some compounds like carbohydrates release water upon heating by decomposition of the compound rather than by loss of the water of hydration. This will result in the precipitation of . Try to avoid and popping or . To achieve this, a known mass of hydrated salt was heated, evaporating the water (essentially distillation). The mass was reduced to 7.58 g. What is the formula of the hydrate? The water present in the latter case is called water of hydration or water of crystallization. Water, the most common chemical on earth, can be found in the atmosphere as water vapor. * Cornstarch Rounded to the nearest integer, the ratio is 1:5. Which is very close to the actual error you find. heat loss to the surroundings if you using the simple 'insulated 6. In order to determine the formula of the hydrate, [\(\text{Anhydrous Solid}\ce{*}x\ce{H2O}\)], the number of moles of water per mole of anhydrous solid (\(x\)) will be calculated by dividing the number of moles of water by the number of moles of the anhydrous solid (Equation \ref{6}). The lab requires bunsen burners, rings, ring stands, crucibles, crucible tongs, and balances. On an analytical balance, weigh a pea-sized sample of each of the compounds below on separate clean and dry watch glasses. temperature change caused by the reaction is hard to measure. ), Not all of the water may have evaporated during heating (Also unlikely, for the same reason as the one above. Is Brooke shields related to willow shields? What are the sources of errors in the experiment of determine of Minutes in set up time. Students will perform an experiment to find the hydrate formula. To determine the mass of the water, subtract the anhydrate from the hydrate and put it in the proper space above. Chemistry Experiment # _____ Percent of Water in Copper II Sulfate Pentahydrate Name_____ Section_____Date_____ Name(s) of Lab Partner(s) . I have a porcelain evaporating dish to contain the hydrate during heating, electronic scales that will weigh to 300g in increments of 10mg, and commercially bought copper sulphate that is allegedly 99.5% pure. Use the information collected in lab found below to fill in the blanks for the gram amounts above: Use this picture to get the mass of the empty crucible and fill it in above. Previous to an exposure to heat via the stove, it can be seen that the copper sulfate bear the natural form and colour of a bright blue crystal. Lab Report Lab 2: Determine the Percentage of Water in a Hydrate: The goal of this experiment is to learn how to properly calculate the ratio of salt to water, in a hydrated salt, and to calculate the percentage of water (by mass) within a hydrated salt. Why did DOS-based Windows require HIMEM.SYS to boot? Materials: Tests tubes (small or medium size), watch glasses, crucible* and cover*, crucible tongs, clay triangle. Did you heat the dish before weighing it to find the tare? cup' method. Placed crucible on mesh pad using tongs (from this point, the crucible was handled solely with tongs until the experiment concluded), and allowed to cool to room temperature. * Lead II nitrate Set up the apparatus as shown (but without water in the receiving tube - this is to be collected during the experiment), placing about 5 g of powdered hydrated copper(II) sulfate in the test tube. If youve read this far, Im already grateful, but Id be even more so, if anyone could suggest where the difference between 5 and 5.18 is coming from. Le Chateliers principle predicts that an addition of heat to an endothermic reaction (heat is a reactant) will shift the reaction to the right (product side). We also acknowledge previous National Science Foundation support under grant numbers 1246120, 1525057, and 1413739. Iron (III) chloride. We would call this copper sulfate pentahydrate. . Let's face it, percent composition and empirical formulas are not the most exciting concepts to teach in chemistry. Chemicals: Copper (II) sulfate hydrateStudents will experimentally determine the percent composition of water in the copper (II) sulfate hydrate. What is "water of hydration" and how does it affect me (you)? * Candle ), During heating, some of the hydrous salt may have spattered, thus removing a portion of the hydrous salt from the crucible (A more likely source of error, considering that this would result in a greater difference between the two ratios, and percentages. By heating a known mass of hydrated salt, evaporating the water (essentially distillation), and then comparing the mass lost to the mass of anhydrous salt left behind, we can calculate the percentage of water within the hydrated salt. This means part of the copper (II) sulfate would be turned into a gas, sulfur dioxide. I was born December18,1963When would I graduate high school? clip art, assessment, writing prompt, art activity, answer key, printables, no prep needed. Copper Sulfate absorbs water easily, forming a weak bond between the copper sulfate and five water molecules. Water lost: 4.60g. I would go with a full fledged error propagation analysis on this one, because without systematic approach you might be guessing forever. What will be the effect, on the mass of the residue, of overheating the hydrate so that the compound decomposes. Common examples of minerals that exist as hydrates are gypsum (\(\ce{CaSO4*2H2O}\)), Borax (\(\ce{Na3B4O7*10H2O}\)) and Epsom salts (\(\ce{MgSO4*7H2O}\)). Hydrated copper sulphate is blue in color while anhydrous copper sulphate is white in color.CuSO4 is white, the pentahydrate crystal (CuSO4.5H2O) and the aquous solution (Cu2+ (aq) ions) are. (Qualitative Analysis). The equation for the decomposition of copper (II) sulfate is CuSO4 (aq) ==> SO2(g) + CuO(s). Paragraph #1: Purpose and a brief description of what you did. A substance is classified as efflorescent if its mass decreases by 0.005 g or more; and it is classified as hygroscopic if its mass increases by 0.005 g or more. Copyright 2023 StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01, The purpose of this experiment was to explore and evaluate the bonding properti, the percentage of water is various hydrates, (3) Determine if dehydrati, versible change, and (4) Determine the mathematical relat. I can also customize anything you', Looking for an engaging way for your students to review nomenclature for acids, bases and hydrates? copper (II) sulfate hydrate. Digication ePortfolio :: General Chemistry (Alexander Antonopoulos The lab has an introduction to help students understand why they are doing the lab. The salt is magnesium sulfate - MgSO 4 and, the same as Copper sulfate, it exists as a hydrate, but in this case we will find the amount of water surrounding the compound. Then use that information to write the formula of the hydrate. The residue obtained after heating, called the anhydrous compound, will have a different structure and texture and may have a different color than the hydrate. Introduction - Hydrated Ionic Compounds, commonly called, "hydrates". The number you found for the water replaced the x in the formula CuSO, The actual (true) value is 5, so the formula would be CuSO. The mass of water evaporated is obtained by subtracting the mass of the anhydrous solid from the mass of the original hydrate . Ammonium sulphide. At that time, the copper sulfate had turned a yellowish-white. Students dehydrate copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate in a crucible or evaporation dish and use their data to determine the % composition and the number of water molecules per formula unit of copper (II) sulfate. Heated crucible with hydrated copper sulfate for 3 minutes, before increasing heat, and heating it for 5 more minutes. sulphate, calcium sulphate and lead sulphate. The purpose of this lab was to have real life experience with using observations to determine whether or not a chemical or physical change had occurred. Mass a dry watch glass Add a small scoop of blue hydrate Mass the watch glass and hydrate Heat the hydrate on hot plate until all blue is gone Allow watch glass to cool Mass the watch glass and anhydrate . Chemistry Naming & Formulas: Polyatomic Ions & Hydrates Guided Inquiry Lesson, Composition of a Hydrate Chemical Formula Lab, Naming & Writing Chemical Formulas: Acids & Hydrates |Distance Learning, Naming & Writing Chemical Formulas-LESSONS BUNDLE, Drink more water- hydrating, refreshing, natural. The best answers are voted up and rise to the top, Not the answer you're looking for? I give . October 3, 2017 Step 1: Find the moles of the Copper Sulfate anhydrate (white powder). Solved Post-Lab Questions 1. If the correct formula of - Chegg This document includes the pre-lab, procedure, data table, and analysis questions. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Add highlights, virtual manipulatives, and more. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. 10/4/17 Water is trapped in an ionic jail and can only escape using heat! There are a couple sources of error during the experiment, one would be the fact that we aren't entirely sure that the water had completely evaporated from the Copper (II) Sulfate and the Magnesium Sulfate. What's the cheapest way to buy out a sibling's share of our parents house if I have no cash and want to pay less than the appraised value? * Matches Finding the formula of hydrated copper(II) sulfate has a mass of 4.31 g before heating. Removed crucible from burner, placed on mesh pad, and allowed to return to room temperature. -Bunsen burner Once students have answered, they use the colo, Fully editable slide presentationHave you ever wondered why you get a lot of headaches, your muscle doesn't function as well and your immune system is low. This lesson also covers the benefits of daily exercise an, Naming and Formulas: Polyatomic Ion Compounds and Hydrates Lesson You might also like these related lessons! Or the hydrate, as supplied, could be a little wet. Delsea Chemistry - Hydrate Lab Why do men's bikes have high bars where you can hit your testicles while women's bikes have the bar much lower? When you would go to mass the anhydrous salt, some of the mass would be missing as it would be in the air. The purpose of the flame test lab was to further study the process of electron excitation. First, a pre-weighed sample of the unknown sulfate salt will be dissolved in water. If the correct formula of copper sulfate is CuSO4.5H20, determine your percent error. Error results and analysi, The first procedure (Part 1) used heat to dehydrate the 4 hydrates and sucrose. Record the values as initial masses of containers and samples. A reversible reaction of hydrated copper(II) sulfate You'll be surprised at how much older kids like to color!This Science color-by-numbers activity includes 18 questions covering writing a formula from the name of an acid, hydroxide or hydrate or naming the compound from a chemical formula. Chemistry Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for scientists, academics, teachers, and students in the field of chemistry. Tina Jones Heent Interview Completed Shadow Health 1, Test Bank Varcarolis Essentials of Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing 3e 2017, 1-2 Module One Activity Project topic exploration, (Ybaez, Alcy B.) How to force Unity Editor/TestRunner to run at full speed when in background? - CLICK HERE **--------------------------------------------If you like what you see, check out the rest of my store and be sure, This hydrate lab activity is perfect for chemistry teachers without a lab room! Wt after: 8.22g Answer: I give you teacher set up instructions, a key, and sample calculations. 5 H2O. 2. When hydrates are heated, the water is released from the compound as water vapor. 7: Gravimetric Analysis (Experiment) - Chemistry LibreTexts The Homework includes all ionic compound possibilities: binary, ternary, multivalent cations, acids, and hydrates. 7. What can this chemical be? The mass of water evaporated is obtained by subtracting the mass of the anhydrous solid from . Observations on structure, texture , wetness, etc. The error you find falls within the worst-case expected error due to impurity and potentially adhered water. Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. Removed crucible from burner, placed on mesh pad, and allowed to return to room temperature. Source: Royal Society of Chemistry. In this activity, I will construct an electroplating apparatus and observe the process of electroplating. which works out to: Some hygroscopic substances, such as \(\ce{P2O5}\) and anhydrous \(\ce{CaCl2}\), are widely used to dry liquids and gases (see experiment on the Molecular Weight of \(\ce{CO2}\)); they are referred to as desiccants. Students dehydrate copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate in a crucible or evaporation dish and use their data to determine the % composition and the number of water molecules per formula unit of copper (II) sulfate. * Hot plate * Pipet B. Is it safe to publish research papers in cooperation with Russian academics? Your values correspond to a #38.169%# water percent composition for copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate. Any time she touches the apparatus its under close supervision by myself. Copper/Iron Stoichiometry Grace Timler AB1 October 3, 2017 Abstract The techniques used in this lab are quantitative transfer and vacuum filtration with the reaction of 8.001 grams of copper (II) sulfate, CuSO4, and 2.0153 grams of iron powder, Fe. I started with the hydrate, heated it in the evap dish over a flame (using a gas cooker ring) until it had all turned greyish white, then allowed it to cool and weighed again. Building on previous knowledge of ions and formulas from Part One & Two are included in the Exit Ticket and the Homework. But when copper sulfate is heated (as in a fire), these weak bonds are broken and the water evaporates. Little or no prior knowledge of finding empirical formula necessary. Safety: Patel So thats 4.81/18 = 0.267mol water, and Some compounds may possess some of the properties of hydrates without being true hydrates. ). What does that x value tell you? Given that water has a much lower boiling point than copper sulfate, I hypothesize thatwe can heat it to remove the water, and then calculate the mass that was lost, based on measurements made before and after the water was evaporated. The number you found for the water replaced the x in the formula CuSO4 xH2O. You will find that most students will obtain the expected results pretty much dead on, and the students love the very low percent erro, Students get to discover the formula of a hydrate with real world experimental techniques in this lab! (3 points) Bunsen Burner or Hot PlateComplete Lesson: PPT, Warm-up, Exit Ticket, Lab PaperStudents: drive off water of hydration calculate percent water use percent water and given elemental percentages to find formulaLab Contains: Student Lab Sheet Student Lab Make-up Sheet for Absent Students Student Lab Sheet with Answers in Italics Lab Quiz - Use as exit ticket, next day warm-up or quiz Lab Qui, This is a great lab to introduce or reinforce percent composition and empirical formulas. When dissolved in water, the anhydrous compound will have a color similar to that of the original hydrate even if it had changed color going from the hydrate to the anhydrous compound. There are some possible sources of experimental error for this lab This compound is not dissolved in water, the water is part of the formula and is a solid. Its weight before cooling was 0.02g (on my scales) less than its empty weight cold. The mass was reduced to 7.58 g. What is the formula of the hydrate? Remember the hydrate is in the crucible so you need to subtract the mass of the crucible to get the mass of just the hydrate. Which observations, experiences, or lesson materials helped you form your hypothesis? rev2023.5.1.43405. Experiment_605_Hydrates_1_2_1 - Chemistry LibreTexts At that time, the copper sulfate had turned a yellowish-white.

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